Concerns about online misinformation accelerated after 2016 — Russian election interference, COVID-19 health misinformation, election-fraud claims surrounding 2020 results, and AI-generated deepfakes.
Policy responses have been controversial:
- Government-platform coordination: The Murthy v. Missouri (2024) Supreme Court ruling weakened standing for First Amendment challenges to government communication with platforms about content; debates over the Disinformation Governance Board (DHS, briefly stood up and dissolved in 2022).
- Platform action: Labels, downranking, removal, account suspensions.
- Foreign-influence-operations disruption (FBI, DHS).
- Election-specific rules: Deepfake disclosure, AI-content labeling.
- Media literacy: School curriculum, public education programs.